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{{Interwiki/Training}}
{{Interwiki/Training}}
Each '''training''' type also has associated other benefits and disadvantages. For example a playmaking trainer can't train his players efficiently in the later [[cup]] rounds and a goalkeeper trainer is not limited to specific [[formation]].
'''Training''' improves the [[skills|abilities]] of a [[player]], the main five skills ([[goalkeeping]], [[defending]], [[playmaking]], [[winger]] or [[scoring]]) and other secondary ones. Young players train much faster than old players.  


Training is one of the most important aspects of a successful [[team]] in Hattrick. By concentrating on training just one [[skills|skill]] for a number of seasons a team can take medium skilled, young [[players]] and train them up to become superstars, who can then be sold for a profit or kept in the team, thus improving the team and helping the team to eventually win [[promotion]].
Improving abilities is one of the most important aspects of a successful [[team]] in Hattrick. By concentrating on training a team can take medium just one skilled, [[youth|young players]] and train them up to become superstars, who can then be sold for a profit or kept thus to improve the senior squad.
== Choosing trainees ==


Choosing the correct players to train is a balancing act. There are four factors to consider.
Training takes place once a week, typically on a Thursday night [[updates]]. Only players who played on certain positions are trained and only player fielded for 90 minute are fully trained, as training is minute based.
* Main skill ([[goalkeeping]], [[defending]], [[playmaking]], [[winger]] or [[scoring]])
* Age
* Secondary skills, related to the main skill
* Price
 
There is little to be gained from training players that are not at least [[Denominations#Player_abilities_etc|passable]] in their main skill. For new teams 17 year olds with at least Passable main skill should be considered.
Training a player who is passable or solid in primary skill is not as profitable as training higher skills, but lower skilled players cost considerably less to purchase.
To get some ideas of the cost and profit from various skill increases see
[http://www.lokesoftware.dk/ham/hamtpestats.cfm?Skill=1 HAM Transfer Price Evaluation].
 
As players age, they decrease in price, so buying slightly older players (e.g. 18 or 19 year olds) is often wise.
 
The better the secondary skills, the more you will pay to purchase the trainee, but the final selling price will also be higher.
 
== Training types ==
{{Based_on_research}}
In Hattrick, training takes place once a week. Typically only players who played on certain positions are fully trained depending on the skill you are training. If, for instance, [[forward]]s are being trained then only the players that played as a forward in one of the two games that week receive training. There are 11 types of training. Each have their own potential for generating profit or improving your team. ''Generally the training types that concentrate on one of the main skills ([[goalkeeping]], [[defending]], [[playmaking]], [[wing]]er, and [[scoring]])  are the most popular training types.''


To train the maximum number of players each week it is important to arrange [[friendlies]] where you play your trainees who did not play in the league match in the same week.
To train the maximum number of players each week it is important to arrange [[friendlies]] where you play your trainees who did not play in the league match in the same week.


A player can receive a maximum of 90 minutes training per week. If a player plays more than 90 minutes in a trainable position, he will get the most beneficial 90 minutes only.
== Training adjustments==
 
Choosing the correct players to train is a balancing act. There are a lot of factors to consider: [[age]], main skill and secondary skills (usually related to the main skill), [[transfers|price]] (initial and final).  
Brackets indicate small effects. Double brackets indicate very small effects.


{{textreport|width=66%|text=
Training also has benefits and disadvantages associated.  
'''Please note the 'Training Speed' numbers are based on 100% training intensity, 15% stamina training, 17 year old trainees having a skillup from [[Denominations|solid]] to [[Denominations|excellent]], using a [[Denominations|solid]] coach, and 10 [[Assistant coach|assistants]]. A training speed of, lets say, 3.7 weeks is presented in this table as 4 trainings required to [[pop]] to [[Denominations|excellent]], since a player cannot pop in a middle of a week.'''
For example, a playmaking trainer can't train his players efficiently in the [[cup]] rounds mantaining performance.  


A very rough rule is that for each year above 17 it takes approximately 4% longer to train a player than stated in the above table.<br><br>
Training depends on [[line-up|fielded formation]] played. For instance, while a goalkeeper trainer is not limited to specific position, [[forward]]s receive training only if they played as forward in one of the two games in that specific week.  
'''Important: Training has been speeded up starting with season 43 (See [[Faster training next season]]).''' }}
{{Textreport|text='''Tips''':
* If a player has played in two different positions during the week, the position that grants him the best training effect will be chosen at the update.
* When you train Set Pieces, your Goalkeeper and your Set Pieces Taker will get a 25% bonus on training.
* The harder you train, the better the squad's form becomes in general, and effects from training increase.
* When you buy a new player, matches played for other teams do not count for training purposes, stamina is counted like he had played 0 minutes (equal to 50% stamina training), although form update does take account of these matches}}<br>


There are 11 types of training. Each have their own potential for generating profit or improving your team. <br>(Brackets indicate small effects. Double brackets indicate very small effects).


{| border=1 bgcolor=black cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 style="border:4px double grey; box-shadow: 10px 10px 8px #888888; font-family:Sans-serif; font-size:15px; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center;"
|- bgcolor=#b0c4de
|+ Training type
!Training type
|- bgcolor=#b0c4de style="border-bottom:4px double grey; font-weight: bold;"
!width=18%|Improves
| Types || Improves || ...for... || Trainings required <sup>*</sup> || Trainees
!width=30%|...for...
|-  
!width=18%|Trainings required
!  style="background:#ffff66; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"| [[Goalkeeping training|Goalkeeping]]
!width=18%|Max players trained
|- style="color:white"
!  style="background:#ffff66; color:black" | [[Goalkeeping training|Goalkeeping]]
|Goalkeeping||Goalkeepers||3||2
|Goalkeeping||Goalkeepers||3||2
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffff66; color:black" |[[Crossing (Winger)]]
!  style="background:#ffff66; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Crossing (Winger)]]
|Winger||Wingers (Wing backs) ((others))||3||4 (4)
|Winger||Wingers (Wing backs) ((others))||3||4 (4)
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffff66; color:black" |[[Scoring training | Scoring]]
!  style="background:#ffff66; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Scoring training|Scoring]]
|Scoring||Forwards ((others))||4||6
|Scoring||Forwards ((others))||4||6
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffff66; color:black" |[[Playmaking training|Playmaking]] &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
!  style="background:#ffff66; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Playmaking training|Playmaking]]
|Playmaking||Inner midfielders (Wingers) ((Others))||4||6 (4)
|Playmaking||Inner midfielders (Wingers) ((Others))||4||6 (4)
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffff66; color:black" |[[Wing attacks]]
!  style="background:#ffff66; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Wing attacks]]
|Winger||Forwards and wingers ((Others))||5||10
|Winger||Forwards and wingers ((Others))||5||10
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffff66; color:black" |[[Defending training | Defending]]
!  style="background:#ffff66; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Defending training|Defending]]
|Defending||Defenders, Wing backs ((Others))||5||10
|Defending||Defenders, Wing backs ((Others))||5||10
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffdddd; color:black" |[[Short passes]]
!  style="background:#ffdddd; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Short passes]]
|Passing||Midfielders, wingers and forwards ((Others))||4||16
|Passing||Midfielders, wingers and forwards ((Others))||4||16
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffdddd; color:black" |[[Through passes]]
!  style="background:#ffdddd; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Through passes]]
|Passing||Defenders, midfielders and wingers ((Others))||5||20
|Passing||Defenders, midfielders and wingers ((Others))||5||20
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffdddd; color:black" |[[Defensive positions]]
!  style="background:#ffdddd; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Defensive&nbsp;positions]]
|Defending||Goalkeepers, defenders, inner midfielders and wingers ((Others))||10||22
|Defending||Goalkeepers, defenders, inner midfielders and wingers ((Others))||10||22
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffdddd; color:black" rowspan=2 |[[Shooting]]
!  style="background:#ffdddd; border-right:4px double grey; color:black" rowspan=2 |[[Shooting]]
|Scoring||Outfielders ((Others))||7||20
|Scoring||Outfielders ((Others))||7||20
|- style="color:white"
|-  
|  Set pieces||((All who played a game during the week))||About a season||22
|  Set pieces||((All who played a game during the week))||About a season||22
|- style="color:white"
|-  
!  style="background:#ffdddd; color:black" |[[Set pieces training|Set pieces]]
!  style="background:#ffdddd; border-right:4px double grey; color:black"|[[Set pieces training|Set pieces]]
|Set pieces||All who played a game during the week, 25% bonus to the set pieces taker and goalkeeper||1||22
|Set pieces||All who played a game during the week, 25% bonus to the set pieces taker and goalkeeper||1||22
|}
|}


Also note that these training speed values are given as an average, and can (and will) vary from player to player. This means, for example, that if the value presented for a given training is 5 weeks, some players will take 4, others 6, but if you look at a large number of players they should average at 5. This might be due to the fact that the player gets a part of the next level after a [[pop]]. When that happens he needs less time to pop again. For example: When the first pop ends up to solid and a very little bit (7,02) he needs more time to go to excellent than when his first pop gives him a bit more (7,12).
{{textreport|width=100%|text='''Important''': Training has been speeded up starting with season 43 {{See|Faster training next season}}}}
 
<small>
== Training efficiency factors ==
;Notes
=== Training intensity ===
:(*) The '''Training Speed''' values in column "Trainings required (from next level)" are based on 100% training intensity, 15% stamina training, 17 year old trainees having a skillup from [[Denominations|Solid]] to [[Denominations|Excellent]], using a [[Denominations|Solid]] coach, and 2 top level [[Assistant coach|assistants]]. <blockquote>A training speed of, lets say, 3.7 weeks is presented in this table as 4 trainings required to [[pop]] to [[Denominations|excellent]], since a player cannot pop in a middle of a week.</blockquote>
Most team managers agree it is best to train at 100% intensity.  The benefits are clear in that skills increase more quickly, and there is also the likelihood of better [[form]].
:A very rough rule is that for each year above 17 it takes approximately 4% longer to train a player than stated in the above table.
 
:Also remember that these training speed values are given as an average, and can (and will) vary from player to player. This means, for example, that <blockquote>if the value presented for a given training is 5 weeks, some players will take 4, others 6, but if you look at a large number of players they should average at 5. <br>This might be due to the fact that the player gets a part of the next level after a [[pop]]. When that happens he needs less time to pop again. For example: When the first pop ends up to solid and a very little bit (7,02) he needs more time to go to excellent than when his first pop gives him a bit more (7,12).</blockquote></small>
Unfortunately, there is also an increased chance of [[injury]].
 
=== Effect of stamina training ===
The amount of training that you devote to [[stamina]] will cut into the amount of skill training accomplished each week.  You will have to balance the amount of stamina training you need to maintain your preferred squad level (as well as any added stamina for trainees).
 
=== Effect of coach ===
To achieve the optimal training time requires a [[coach]] with solid coaching skills.
A coaching level below that lengthens training time. A general rule of thumb is one extra week for every level below solid, although this rule is not so accurate with the faster training types.
 
[[Denominations#Coach_skills_/_Form_/_Leadership|Excellent]] coaches train slightly faster than solid ones by roughly half a week but are generally seen as too expensive to be profitable in the long term.
 
=== Effect of player age ===
Young players train much faster than old players. To achieve the optimal training time, many managers prefer trainees between the ages of 17 and 20, with 17 or 18 the best age to start training. Clubs at higher series levels may prefer to train older players at a higher skill level in order to remain competitive in both the league and the cup.
 
Older players are slower to train, and a good rule of thumb is one half extra week for every year older than 17. More precisely, training becomes approx. 4% slower for every year above this (also called trainings speed depreciation).
 
As a player reaches 27 his abilities may start to decrease. This process doesn't occur constantly, and there is no guarantee it will happen at all.  Typically, very small decreases occur for players around 30, considerably larger leaps for players around 35. For some reason, these decreases in abilities always surface on Mondays. Certain skills are harder to maintain as players grow older &mdash; scoring ability is the hardest to maintain, whilst goalkeeping is the easiest.
 
=== Effect of staff ===
[[Assistant coach]]es also help with training. A team may only have 5 of any one type of [[staff]]. It is not always in a team's best interest to hire all the possible assistants.
 
== Training loss ==


''Main article'': [[Training loss]]
=== Intensity and Stamina===
The best is to train at 100% intensity, the benefits are clear in that skills increase more quickly. Higher training intensity is also more likely to improve the [[form]] of your players.


Nowadays (specifically, after season 43's changes), the only way to have a week training loss is by causing a [[Walkover]] in any match of the week ([[cup]], [[friendly]] or [[league]] matches).
However, the amount of training that you devote to [[stamina]] will cut into the amount of training intensity, meaning a part of your training will always be stamina.


== When to cash in ==
Lower stamina means low performances; you will have to balance the amount of stamina training you need to maintain your preferred squad level (as well as any added stamina for trainees). Most team managers agree that at least 15% of stamina per week is needed. Teams with young trainees often use 10% in order to train skills as fast as possible.
{{Based_on_opinion}}In most cases [[transfers|selling]] trainees at age 21 is the best way to maximise profit. Once a player hits 21 years old, he begins to train at a noticeably slower rate compared to a younger player.


With particularly high skilled players, especially [[National Teams|National Team]] players, training can be taken on further, but in general the financial returns decrease beyond the age of 21.
=== Coach ===
{{Main|coach}}
To achieve the optimal training, a coach with [[Denominations#Coach_skills_/_Form_/_Leadership|Solid]] coaching skills is required.
A coaching level below that lengthens training time.  


It is also worth noting it is possible to overtrain a player, and make him unsustainable in the long run due to the extremely high [[wages]]. The recent market deflation also makes selling unprofitable after 21.
A general rule of thumb is one extra week for every level below solid, although this rule is not so accurate with the faster training types. Excellent coaches train slightly faster than Solid ones by roughly half a week but are generally seen as too expensive to be profitable in the long term.


== Advanced training ==
=== Staff ===
{{Main|staff}}
[[Assistant coach]]es also help with training. A team may only have 2 of them.


* [[Skill trading]] - Primarily refers to buying players believed to be close to "popping", ideally within one to two weeks, benefiting from market inefficiency in valuing partially trained players.  This approach is difficult with any skill other than goalkeeping, due to the inexact correspondence of [[TSI]] to player skills.
A team van Aldo hire one one [[form coach]] to try to mantain [[form]] higher.  


* [[Osmosis training]] - Up to global season 34, every player in a team got at least a bit of training, even if they didn't play at all. Many teams profited from this by buying a lot of players (up to 50) and waiting for a pop in a few weeks while doing nothing. But from season 35 every player needs to play at least once in a week to get the minimum training, effectively decreasing the profitability of this technique.
=== Training loss ===
{{Main|Training loss}}
The only way still remaining to have a partial training loss is by causing a [[Walkover]] in any match of the week ([[cup]], [[friendly]] or [[league]] matches).


But it could be that the goal of maximizing profit is a goal that does not optimise the team over time. Some users believe it is better to develop your own players to advance in the series system, rather than to optimise economical goals. It is after all a football manager game!
Anyway, a player can receive a maximum of 90 minutes training per week. If a player plays more than 90 minutes in a trainable position, he will get the most beneficial 90 minutes only.


== Individual training instruction ==
==== Individual instruction ====
On the 3rd of July 2008, Hattrick announced that Individual training instruction was available. This means you may exclude up to three players from getting any training (except Stamina) at all from playing a game. The main point of this feature is to avoid paying excessive salaries for players that are already very highly skilled. You access this feature from your Training page.
Starting from July 2008 (but only for a short period), "individual training instruction" has been available. It excluded up to three players from getting any training except Stamina at all. The main point of this feature was to avoid paying excessive salaries for players that were already very highly skilled.  


Individual training has a very different meaning in a [[Youth Academy]].  If Individual training is selected, each player randomly gets a small boost to a relevant skill, eg- keepers will increase keeper, defense or set pieces, while a midfielder will increase playmaking, passing, defense or set pieces.  The owner has no control over which skill gets chosen, though, and a skill that is already capped may get picked, resulting in no training for that player. Individual training is rarely used as result of this random factor and the extremely slow speed at which it operates.
Note: ''Not to be confused with [[Youth Academy]] "Individual training" (each player randomly gets a small boost to a relevant skill, though the owner has no control over which skill gets chosen, and a skill that is already capped may get picked, resulting in no training for that player). ''


== See also ==
== See also ==
[[HTs_on_Global/Training]]
* Details about [[Trainee]]s, players ideally aged no older than 21 (although there are exceptions to this, particularly national team players).
* [[HTs_on_Global/Training|HT team on global forum about training]].
* [[Osmosis training]] (obsolete).
* About [[General training]] type (eliminated).
* About [[Stamina training]] type (eliminated).


<!--
== External Links ==
== External Links ==
* [http://trainingspeed.freehostia.com/ Hattrick training speed calculator]
* [http://trainingspeed.freehostia.com/ Hattrick training speed calculator]
* [http://www.htspain.es/index.php?pag=train_calc HT Spain Training Speed]
* [http://www.htspain.es/index.php?pag=train_calc HT Spain Training Speed]
* [http://bobymoore.blogsome.com/category/tips/tips-training/ bobymoore's blog advanced articles on competitive training] ??????
* [http://bobymoore.blogsome.com/category/tips/tips-training/ bobymoore's blog advanced articles on competitive training] ??????
* [http://www.flattermann.net/downloads MS Excel table to predict the skillup length (TrainingspeedFormula.xls)] by [[User:flattermann|flattermann]]  
* [http://www.flattermann.net/downloads MS Excel table to predict the skillup length (TrainingspeedFormula.xls)] by [[User:flattermann|flattermann]]  
-->


[[Category:Training|*]]
[[Category:Training|*]]

Latest revision as of 17:48, 18 February 2023

Training improves the abilities of a player, the main five skills (goalkeeping, defending, playmaking, winger or scoring) and other secondary ones. Young players train much faster than old players.

Improving abilities is one of the most important aspects of a successful team in Hattrick. By concentrating on training a team can take medium just one skilled, young players and train them up to become superstars, who can then be sold for a profit or kept thus to improve the senior squad.

Training takes place once a week, typically on a Thursday night updates. Only players who played on certain positions are trained and only player fielded for 90 minute are fully trained, as training is minute based.

To train the maximum number of players each week it is important to arrange friendlies where you play your trainees who did not play in the league match in the same week.

Training adjustments

Choosing the correct players to train is a balancing act. There are a lot of factors to consider: age, main skill and secondary skills (usually related to the main skill), price (initial and final).

Training also has benefits and disadvantages associated. For example, a playmaking trainer can't train his players efficiently in the cup rounds mantaining performance.

Training depends on fielded formation played. For instance, while a goalkeeper trainer is not limited to specific position, forwards receive training only if they played as forward in one of the two games in that specific week.

Tips:
  • If a player has played in two different positions during the week, the position that grants him the best training effect will be chosen at the update.
  • When you train Set Pieces, your Goalkeeper and your Set Pieces Taker will get a 25% bonus on training.
  • The harder you train, the better the squad's form becomes in general, and effects from training increase.
  • When you buy a new player, matches played for other teams do not count for training purposes, stamina is counted like he had played 0 minutes (equal to 50% stamina training), although form update does take account of these matches


There are 11 types of training. Each have their own potential for generating profit or improving your team.
(Brackets indicate small effects. Double brackets indicate very small effects).

Training type
Types Improves ...for... Trainings required * Trainees
Goalkeeping Goalkeeping Goalkeepers 3 2
Crossing (Winger) Winger Wingers (Wing backs) ((others)) 3 4 (4)
Scoring Scoring Forwards ((others)) 4 6
Playmaking Playmaking Inner midfielders (Wingers) ((Others)) 4 6 (4)
Wing attacks Winger Forwards and wingers ((Others)) 5 10
Defending Defending Defenders, Wing backs ((Others)) 5 10
Short passes Passing Midfielders, wingers and forwards ((Others)) 4 16
Through passes Passing Defenders, midfielders and wingers ((Others)) 5 20
Defensive positions Defending Goalkeepers, defenders, inner midfielders and wingers ((Others)) 10 22
Shooting Scoring Outfielders ((Others)) 7 20
Set pieces ((All who played a game during the week)) About a season 22
Set pieces Set pieces All who played a game during the week, 25% bonus to the set pieces taker and goalkeeper 1 22


Important: Training has been speeded up starting with season 43
      Further information: Faster training next season

Notes
(*) The Training Speed values in column "Trainings required (from next level)" are based on 100% training intensity, 15% stamina training, 17 year old trainees having a skillup from Solid to Excellent, using a Solid coach, and 2 top level assistants.

A training speed of, lets say, 3.7 weeks is presented in this table as 4 trainings required to pop to excellent, since a player cannot pop in a middle of a week.

A very rough rule is that for each year above 17 it takes approximately 4% longer to train a player than stated in the above table.
Also remember that these training speed values are given as an average, and can (and will) vary from player to player. This means, for example, that

if the value presented for a given training is 5 weeks, some players will take 4, others 6, but if you look at a large number of players they should average at 5.
This might be due to the fact that the player gets a part of the next level after a pop. When that happens he needs less time to pop again. For example: When the first pop ends up to solid and a very little bit (7,02) he needs more time to go to excellent than when his first pop gives him a bit more (7,12).

Intensity and Stamina

The best is to train at 100% intensity, the benefits are clear in that skills increase more quickly. Higher training intensity is also more likely to improve the form of your players.

However, the amount of training that you devote to stamina will cut into the amount of training intensity, meaning a part of your training will always be stamina.

Lower stamina means low performances; you will have to balance the amount of stamina training you need to maintain your preferred squad level (as well as any added stamina for trainees). Most team managers agree that at least 15% of stamina per week is needed. Teams with young trainees often use 10% in order to train skills as fast as possible.

Coach

      Main article: coach

To achieve the optimal training, a coach with Solid coaching skills is required. A coaching level below that lengthens training time.

A general rule of thumb is one extra week for every level below solid, although this rule is not so accurate with the faster training types. Excellent coaches train slightly faster than Solid ones by roughly half a week but are generally seen as too expensive to be profitable in the long term.

Staff

      Main article: staff

Assistant coaches also help with training. A team may only have 2 of them.

A team van Aldo hire one one form coach to try to mantain form higher.

Training loss

      Main article: Training loss

The only way still remaining to have a partial training loss is by causing a Walkover in any match of the week (cup, friendly or league matches).

Anyway, a player can receive a maximum of 90 minutes training per week. If a player plays more than 90 minutes in a trainable position, he will get the most beneficial 90 minutes only.

Individual instruction

Starting from July 2008 (but only for a short period), "individual training instruction" has been available. It excluded up to three players from getting any training except Stamina at all. The main point of this feature was to avoid paying excessive salaries for players that were already very highly skilled.

Note: Not to be confused with Youth Academy "Individual training" (each player randomly gets a small boost to a relevant skill, though the owner has no control over which skill gets chosen, and a skill that is already capped may get picked, resulting in no training for that player).

See also